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Breast Cancer Cells and PD-1/PD-L1 Blockade Upregulate the Expression of PD-1, CTLA-4, TIM-3 and LAG-3 Immune Checkpoints in CD4(+) T Cells

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive breast cancer subtype, and it exhibits resistance to common breast cancer therapies. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and its ligand, PD-L1, have been approved to treat various cancers. However, t...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Vaccines (Basel)
Hauptverfasser: Saleh, Reem, Toor, Salman M, Khalaf, Sarah, Elkord, Eyad
Format: Artigo
Sprache:Inglês
Veröffentlicht: MDPI 2019
Schlagworte:
Online Zugang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6963740/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31614877
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines7040149
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