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Depression of home cage wheel running is an objective measure of spontaneous morphine withdrawal in rats with and without persistent pain
Opioid withdrawal in humans is often subtle and almost always spontaneous. In contrast, most preclinical studies precipitate withdrawal by administration of an opioid receptor antagonist such as naloxone. These animal studies rely on measurement of physiological symptoms (e.g., wet dog shakes) in th...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | Pharmacol Biochem Behav |
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| Hauptverfasser: | , , |
| Format: | Artigo |
| Sprache: | Inglês |
| Veröffentlicht: |
2017
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| Schlagworte: | |
| Online Zugang: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5484634/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28366799 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pbb.2017.03.007 |
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