The Development and Assessment of Modified Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence Scale among Malaysian Single Electronic Cigarette Users

BACKGROUND: The Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) is the most widely used scale for assessing nicotine dependence on conventional tobacco cigarettes (TCGs). But the FTND does not evaluate the subject’s nicotine dependence to electronic cigarette (EC). OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study wa...

Disgrifiad llawn

Wedi'i Gadw mewn:
Manylion Llyfryddiaeth
Cyhoeddwyd yn:J Pharm Bioallied Sci
Prif Awduron: Rahman, Aziz Ur, Mohamed, Mohamad Haniki Nik, Jamshed, Shazia, Mahmood, Syed, Iftikhar Baig, Muhammad Ahsan
Fformat: Artigo
Iaith:Inglês
Cyhoeddwyd: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow 2020
Pynciau:
Original Article
Mynediad Ar-lein:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8021063/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33828359
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jpbs.JPBS_245_19
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