Biomarkers of Exposure for Dual Use of Electronic Cigarettes and Combustible Cigarettes: Nicotelline, NNAL, and Total Nicotine Equivalents

INTRODUCTION: Dual use of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and combustible cigarettes is a major public health issue. It is generally accepted that exclusive e-cigarette use is less harmful than exclusive combustible cigarette use, but most e-cigarette users continue to smoke combustible cigaret...

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Foilsithe in:Nicotine Tob Res
Main Authors: Jacob, Peyton, St. Helen, Gideon, Yu, Lisa, Nardone, Natalie, Havel, Christopher, Cheung, Polly, Benowitz, Neal L
Formáid: Artigo
Teanga:Inglês
Foilsithe: Oxford University Press 2019
Ábhair:
Original Investigations
Rochtain Ar Líne:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7291810/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31833541
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ntr/ntz235
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