Smoking accelerates immunosenescence in multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic immune-mediated disease of the central nervous system characterized by inflammation, neuroaxonal injury, and progressive neurologic disability. Although its etiology is multifactorial, cigarette smoking is among the most consistent modifiable environmental exposu...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artigo |
| Language: | Inglês |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2026-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1840928/full |
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