Evaluation of Gingival Crevicular Interleukin-1β Levels in Patients Undergoing Clear Aligners vs. Fixed Orthodontic Therapy

Background: Tooth movements induced by orthodontic force cause an inflammatory response in the periodontium that is mediated by cytokines, including Interleukin-1beta (IL-1β). Fixed appliances produce different biomechanical forces, which have the potential to modulate GCF cytokines compared to cle...

पूर्ण विवरण

ग्रंथसूची विवरण

मुख्य लेखकों:	Areeba Khan, Rabiya Saif, Muhammad Mohsin Kamal, Muhammad Iftikhar Ahsen, Ghazala Hassan, Eesha Muneeb, Ejaz Ahmed
स्वरूप:	Artigo
भाषा:	Inglês
प्रकाशित:	ziauddin University 2025-09-01
श्रृंखला:	Pakistan Journal of Medicine and Dentistry
विषय:	Orthodontic Appliances, Gingival Crevicular Fluid, Interleukin-1beta, Periodontal Index
ऑनलाइन पहुंच:	https://ojs.zu.edu.pk/pjmd/article/view/4223
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