Randomized-field microwave-assisted pharmaceutical lyophilization with closed-loop control

Abstract The current lyophilization technology for biopharmaceuticals and vaccine products is capital and energy-intensive, largely due to the use of indirect, conductive heat transfer. The heat removal and input in freezing, primary drying, and secondary drying are via contact between the product a...

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Autori principali:	Alina A. Alexeenko, Ahmad Darwish, Drew Strongrich, Petr Kazarin, Chanakya Patil, Cole W. Tower, Isaac S. Wheeler, Eric Munson, Qi Zhou, Vivek Narsimhan, Kyu Yoon, Steven L. Nail, Anthony Cofer, Justin Stanbro, Harshil Renawala, Daniel Roth, Francis DeMarco, Justin Griffiths, Dimitrios Peroulis
Natura:	Artigo
Lingua:	Inglês
Pubblicazione:	Nature Portfolio 2025-03-01
Serie:	Scientific Reports
Accesso online:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-91642-4
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