Human amnion epithelial cells induce M2 macrophage polarisation partially via M-CSF secretion but independently of extracellular vesicles in vitro

Pregnancy requires major immunomodulatory changes, both systemically and locally, as the maternal immune system needs to be modulated to tolerate the semi-allogeneic foetus. Decidual macrophages and stromal cells, but also foetal tissues are involved in this immune tolerance, for example by inducing...

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Principais autores:	Louise Zeijlon, Snehil Budhwar, Robert Lindau, Stefan Bencina, Helen Kaipe, Maria C. Jenmalm, Roberto Gramignoli, Johanna Raffetseder
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2026-01-01
coleção:	Frontiers in Immunology
Assuntos:	amnion epithelial cells extracellular vesicles human macrophage immune regulation macrophage polarisation macrophage colony-stimulating factor
Acesso em linha:	https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1723968/full
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