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Inspiratory crackles—early and late—revisited: identifying COPD by crackle characteristics

BACKGROUND: The significance of pulmonary crackles, by their timing during inspiration, was described by Nath and Capel in 1974, with early crackles associated with bronchial obstruction and late crackles with restrictive defects. Crackles are also described as ‘fine’ or ‘coarse’. We aimed to evalua...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Publicado no:BMJ Open Respir Res
Main Authors: Melbye, Hasse, Aviles Solis, Juan Carlos, Jácome, Cristina, Pasterkamp, Hans
Formato: Artigo
Idioma:Inglês
Publicado em: BMJ Publishing Group 2021
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Acesso em linha:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7938968/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33674283
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000852
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