Differences in Exposure to Nicotine, Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines, and Volatile Organic Compounds among Electronic Cigarette Users, Tobacco Smokers, and Dual Users from Three Countries

Country-level differences in nicotine vaping products used and biomarkers of exposure among long-term e-cigarette users and dual users remain understudied. This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2014 in the United States (n = 166), United Kingdom (n = 129), and Poland (n = 161). We compared pat...

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Publicado en:Toxics
Autores principales: Smith, Danielle M., Shahab, Lion, Blount, Benjamin C., Gawron, Michal, Kosminder, Leon, Sobczak, Andrzej, Xia, Baoyun, Sosnoff, Connie S., Goniewicz, Maciej L.
Formato: Artigo
Lenguaje:Inglês
Publicado: MDPI 2020
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Article
Acceso en línea:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7712026/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33066428
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics8040088
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