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Evaluation of Prescription Opioids Using Operant-Based Pain Measures in Rats
Opioids are the most effective compounds available for the relief of pain, yet there are a number of side effects that are of great concern to clinicians. For example, opioids are powerful reinforcers, and the treatment of pain using opioids could lead to the development of addiction. In addition, t...
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| Publicat a: | Exp Clin Psychopharmacol |
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| Autors principals: | , , , , |
| Format: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicat: |
2008
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| Matèries: | |
| Accés en línia: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5479417/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18837633 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0013520 |
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