Immune response in breast cancer brain metastases and their microenvironment: the role of the PD-1/PD-L axis

BACKGROUND: A better understanding of immune response in breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM) may prompt new preventive and therapeutic strategies. METHODS: Immunohistochemical expression of stromal tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs: CD4, CD8, CTLA4), macrophage/microglial cells (CD68), programm...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Udgivet i:Breast Cancer Res
Main Authors: Duchnowska, Renata, Pęksa, Rafał, Radecka, Barbara, Mandat, Tomasz, Trojanowski, Tomasz, Jarosz, Bożena, Czartoryska-Arłukowicz, Bogumiła, Olszewski, Wojciech P., Och, Waldemar, Kalinka-Warzocha, Ewa, Kozłowski, Wojciech, Kowalczyk, Anna, Loi, Sherene, Biernat, Wojciech, Jassem, Jacek
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: BioMed Central 2016
Fag:
Research Article
Online adgang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4847231/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27117582
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13058-016-0702-8
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