Effects of Tobacco Smoking on the Degeneration of the Intervertebral Disc: A Finite Element Study

Tobacco smoking is associated with numerous pathological conditions. Compelling experimental evidence associates smoking to the degeneration of the intervertebral disc (IVD). In particular, it has been shown that nicotine down-regulates both the proliferation rate and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) biosynt...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:PLoS One
Main Authors: Elmasry, Shady, Asfour, Shihab, de Rivero Vaccari, Juan Pablo, Travascio, Francesco
Format: Artigo
Language:Inglês
Published: Public Library of Science 2015
Subjects:
Research Article
Online Access:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547737/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26301590
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0136137
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