Animal models to assess the abuse liability of tobacco products: effects of smokeless tobacco extracts on intracranial self-stimulation

BACKGROUND: Preclinical models are needed to inform regulation of tobacco products by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Typically, animal models of tobacco addiction involve exposure to nicotine alone or nicotine combined with isolated tobacco constituents (e.g., minor alkaloids). The goal of...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Udgivet i:Drug Alcohol Depend
Main Authors: Harris, Andrew C., Tally, Laura, Schmidt, Clare E., Muelken, Peter, Stepanov, Irina, Saha, Subhrakanti, Vogel, Rachel Isaksson, LeSage, Mark G.
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: 2014
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Article
Online adgang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4337227/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25561387
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.12.015
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