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Chronic Toll-like receptor 4 stimulation in skin induces inflammation, macrophage activation, transforming growth factor beta signature gene expression, and fibrosis

INTRODUCTION: The crucial role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis (SSc) is well established, and in the past few years the hypothesis that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation induced by endogenous ligands is involved in fibrogenesis has been supported by several studies...

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Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Arthritis Res Ther
Hauptverfasser: Stifano, Giuseppina, Affandi, Alsya J, Mathes, Allison L, Rice, Lisa M, Nakerakanti, Sashidhar, Nazari, Banafsheh, Lee, Jungeun, Christmann, Romy B, Lafyatis, Robert
Format: Artigo
Sprache:Inglês
Veröffentlicht: BioMed Central 2014
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Online Zugang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4227089/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24984848
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/ar4598
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