Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic

The elusive task of defining the character of γδ T cells has been an evolving process for immunologists since stumbling upon their existence during the molecular characterization of the α and β T cell receptor genes of their better understood brethren. Defying the categorical rules used to distinctl...

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Main Authors: Kalyan, Shirin, Kabelitz, Dieter
Formato: Artigo
Idioma:Inglês
Publicado em: Nature Publishing Group 2013
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Acesso em linha:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003173/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23085947
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2012.44
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spelling pubmed-40031732014-08-18 Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic Kalyan, Shirin Kabelitz, Dieter Cell Mol Immunol Review The elusive task of defining the character of γδ T cells has been an evolving process for immunologists since stumbling upon their existence during the molecular characterization of the α and β T cell receptor genes of their better understood brethren. Defying the categorical rules used to distinctly characterize lymphocytes as either innate or adaptive in nature, γδ T cells inhabit a hybrid world of their own. At opposing ends of the simplified spectrum of modes of antigen recognition used by lymphocytes, natural killer and αβ T cells are particularly well equipped to respond to the ‘missing self' and the ‘dangerous non-self', respectively. However, between these two reductive extremes, we are chronically faced with the challenge of making peace with the ‘safe non-self' and dealing with the inevitable ‘distressed self', and it is within this more complex realm γδ T cells excel thanks to their highly empathetic nature. This review gives an overview of the latest insights revealing the unfolding story of human γδ T cells, providing a biographical sketch of these unique lymphocytes in an attempt to capture the essence of their fundamental nature and events that influence their life trajectory. What hangs in their balance is their nuanced ability to differentiate the friends from the foe and the pathological from the benign to help us adapt swiftly and efficiently to life's many stresses. Nature Publishing Group 2013-01 2012-10-22 /pmc/articles/PMC4003173/ /pubmed/23085947 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2012.44 Text en Copyright © 2013 Chinese Society of Immunology and The University of Science and Technology
institution US NLM
collection PubMed Central
language Inglês
format Artigo
topic Review
spellingShingle Review
Kalyan, Shirin
Kabelitz, Dieter
Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
description The elusive task of defining the character of γδ T cells has been an evolving process for immunologists since stumbling upon their existence during the molecular characterization of the α and β T cell receptor genes of their better understood brethren. Defying the categorical rules used to distinctly characterize lymphocytes as either innate or adaptive in nature, γδ T cells inhabit a hybrid world of their own. At opposing ends of the simplified spectrum of modes of antigen recognition used by lymphocytes, natural killer and αβ T cells are particularly well equipped to respond to the ‘missing self' and the ‘dangerous non-self', respectively. However, between these two reductive extremes, we are chronically faced with the challenge of making peace with the ‘safe non-self' and dealing with the inevitable ‘distressed self', and it is within this more complex realm γδ T cells excel thanks to their highly empathetic nature. This review gives an overview of the latest insights revealing the unfolding story of human γδ T cells, providing a biographical sketch of these unique lymphocytes in an attempt to capture the essence of their fundamental nature and events that influence their life trajectory. What hangs in their balance is their nuanced ability to differentiate the friends from the foe and the pathological from the benign to help us adapt swiftly and efficiently to life's many stresses.
author Kalyan, Shirin
Kabelitz, Dieter
author_facet Kalyan, Shirin
Kabelitz, Dieter
author_sort Kalyan, Shirin
title Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
title_short Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
title_full Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
title_fullStr Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
title_full_unstemmed Defining the nature of human γδ T cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
title_sort defining the nature of human γδ t cells: a biographical sketch of the highly empathetic
publisher Nature Publishing Group
publishDate 2013
url https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4003173/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23085947
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/cmi.2012.44
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