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Simultaneous measurement of urinary total nicotine and cotinine as biomarkers of active and passive smoking among Japanese individuals
OBJECTIVES: Measuring urinary cotinine is a popular and established method of biologically monitoring exposure to tobacco smoke. However, the lower detection limit of cotinine often impedes the evaluation of passive (second-hand) smoking and this, together with unconverted nicotine, does not reflect...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicado em: |
Springer Japan
2012
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| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3650179/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23011941 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12199-012-0307-5 |
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