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Robust Escalation of Nicotine Intake with Extended Access to Nicotine Self-Administration and Intermittent Periods of Abstinence
Although established smokers have a very regular pattern of smoking behavior, converging lines of evidence suggest that the escalation of smoking behavior is a critical factor in the development of dependence. However, the neurobiological mechanisms that underlie the escalation of smoking are unknow...
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| Главные авторы: | , , |
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| Формат: | Artigo |
| Язык: | Inglês |
| Опубликовано: |
Nature Publishing Group
2012
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| Предметы: | |
| Online-ссылка: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3398720/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22549121 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/npp.2012.67 |
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