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Effects of Nicotine Patch or Nasal Spray on Nicotine and Cotinine Concentrations in Pregnant Smokers

OBJECTIVE: To examine the short-term effects of the nicotine patch or nasal spray on measures of nicotine exposure, withdrawal symptoms, and on maternal and fetal heart rates in pregnant smokers. METHODS: We measured nicotine/cotinine concentrations and maternal and fetal heart rates during an 8-hou...

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Detalhes bibliográficos
Main Authors: Oncken, Cheryl, Campbell, Winston, Chan, Grace, Hatsukami, Dorothy, Kranzler, Henry R.
Formato: Artigo
Idioma:Inglês
Publicado em: 2009
Assuntos:
Acesso em linha:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3169999/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19526424
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3109/14767050902994515
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