TGF-β1 and VEGF signaling in benign vocal fold lesions: a structured narrative review
Abstract Background Benign vocal fold lesions, particularly vocal fold polyps and nodules, are common causes of dysphonia and are increasingly associated with dysregulated wound healing processes involving fibrosis and angiogenesis. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and vascular endothelial gro...
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| Principais autores: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicado em: |
SpringerOpen
2026-05-01
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| coleção: | The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology |
| Assuntos: | |
| Acesso em linha: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43163-026-01133-0 |
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