Methyl ester production process from palm fatty acid distillate using hydrodynamic cavitation reactors in series with solid acid catalyst

Abstract This study aims to optimize the reduction of free fatty acids (FFAs) in palm fatty acid distillate (PFAD) using hydrodynamic cavitation reactors (HCRs) in series and a solid acid catalyst for biodiesel production. Hydrodynamic cavitation is used to accelerate the esterification of FFAs usin...

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Autori principali:	Ye Min Oo, Panupong Juera-Ong, Krit Somnuk
Natura:	Artigo
Lingua:	Inglês
Pubblicazione:	Nature Portfolio 2024-11-01
Serie:	Scientific Reports
Soggetti:	Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor Solid acid catalyst 3D printing High-FFA oil Esterification reaction
Accesso online:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-78974-3
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