A systematic review of intelligent and robot tutoring systems: evolution, pedagogical design, and AI-driven classification

Abstract This study systematically reviews the transformative role of Tutoring Systems, encompassing Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) and Robot Tutoring Systems (RTS), in addressing global educational challenges through advanced technologies. As many students struggle with proficiency in core acad...

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Главные авторы:	Ehsan Latif, Vincent Liu, Xiaoming Zhai
Формат:	Artigo
Язык:	Inglês
Опубликовано:	SpringerOpen 2026-01-01
Серии:	Smart Learning Environments
Предметы:	Tutoring systems Artificial intelligence (AI) Intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) Robot tutoring systems (RTS) Personalized learning Engagement strategies
Online-ссылка:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-025-00427-9
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