Beyond red ink: AI feedback and ESL academic writing development in higher education

Abstract This study examines the effect of artificial intelligence (AI) generated feedback on the academic writing skills of English as a Second Language (ESL) students at the Faculty of Computing, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. A quasi-experimental mixed-methods design was employed wit...

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Detalles Bibliográficos

Principais autores:	Nashra Mujeeb, Muhammad Arfan Lodhi, Aqib Ali, Wali Khan Mashwani, Samih M. Mostafa, Abdullah Ali H. Ahmadini
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado:	SpringerOpen 2026-03-01
Series:	Language Testing in Asia
Assuntos:	AI-generated feedback ESL students Academic writing Grammarly ChatGPT Higher education
Acceso en liña:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s40468-026-00442-8
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