A proof-of-concept study towards physiologically based kinetic (PBK) modeling in agricultural operator risk assessment

Abstract Plant protection products (PPP) contain active substance(s) and co-formulants. As complex mixtures, PPPs are susceptible to toxicokinetic or toxicodynamic interactions, enhancing toxicity. Considering these interactions is crucial to avoid underestimating risk. In vitro testing identifies t...

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Principais autores:	Yemurai Musengi, Vikas Kumar, Deepika Deepika, Alfonsina Paola D’Ambrosio Melendrez, Philip Marx-Stoelting, Denise Bloch
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado:	Springer Nature 2026-03-01
Series:	Discover Toxicology
Assuntos:	Plant protection product risk assessment Kinetic interactions CYP enzymes Fraction unbound In vitro-in vivo extrapolation (IVIVE) Physiologically based kinetic (PBK)
Acceso en liña:	https://doi.org/10.1007/s44339-026-00052-2
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