Exosome-enabled bone defect repair: mechanistic foundations, bioengineered delivery, and artificial intelligence-driven translation
Abstract Bone defects remain a substantial clinical burden. Exosomes have been extensively investigated as cell-free therapeutic candidates, exhibiting favorable biocompatibility and potential applicability in bone defect repair. Mechanisms relevant to bone regeneration are delineated, including act...
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Artigo |
| Language: | Inglês |
| Published: |
BMC
2026-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-026-04176-w |
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