Comparative insecticidal efficacy and biochemical impact of nano-encapsulated citronella and geranium essential oils against Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Abstract This study assessed the insecticidal efficacy of bulk and nano-formulated essential oils of citronella (Cymbopogon nardus) and geranium (Pelargonium graveolens) against the cotton leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) under controlled laboratory conditions. Nano-formulations were prepared...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Bibliografische Detailangaben

Hauptverfasser:	Enas Adel Abd-Elatef, Abeer Mohammed, Soad Mohamed Osman, Mona N. Wahba, Ahmed A. El-Rashedy, Hanaa E. Sadek
Format:	Artigo
Sprache:	Inglês
Veröffentlicht:	Nature Portfolio 2026-05-01
Schriftenreihe:	Scientific Reports
Schlagworte:	Spodoptera littoralis Citronella oil Geranium oil Toxicity Bionomics Enzymatic analyses
Online-Zugang:	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-52470-2
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