Effect of Tobacco and Non-Tobacco Nicotine Dependence on Postoperative Outcomes Following Ankle Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation

Research Type: Level 3 - Retrospective cohort study, Case-control study, Meta-analysis of Level 3 studies Introduction/Purpose: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and in the United States. It has a well-established relationship to increased post-surgical complications. N...

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Váldodahkkit:	Jagannath Kandadai BS, Kola George MD, MPH, Claudia Satzke BS, Hana Hashioka BS, Daniel Scott MD, MBA, Christopher Gross MD
Materiálatiipa:	Artigo
Giella:	Inglês
Almmustuhtton:	SAGE Publishing 2025-12-01
Ráidu:	Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics
Liŋkkat:	https://doi.org/10.1177/2473011425S00228
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