Effect of Tobacco and Non-Tobacco Nicotine Dependence on Postoperative Outcomes Following Ankle Fracture Open Reduction and Internal Fixation
Research Type: Level 3 - Retrospective cohort study, Case-control study, Meta-analysis of Level 3 studies Introduction/Purpose: Tobacco use is the leading cause of preventable death worldwide and in the United States. It has a well-established relationship to increased post-surgical complications. N...
Gardado en:
| Principais autores: | , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicado: |
SAGE Publishing
2025-12-01
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| Series: | Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics |
| Acceso en liña: | https://doi.org/10.1177/2473011425S00228 |
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