Comprehensive analysis of the TGF-β signaling pathway: molecular mechanisms, disease drivers, and frontiers in clinical translation
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) is one of the most complex and context-dependent cytokines in the immune system. Its signaling pathway regulates differentiation, functions, and microenvironment-specific adaptations of immune cells through Smad-dependent and Smad-independent pathways. In normal...
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| Principais autores: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2026-06-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Assuntos: | |
| Acceso en liña: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2026.1831213/full |
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