Thyroid Eye Disease: Current Perspectives in Pathogenesis, Risk Factors, and Management
Thyroid eye disease (TED), also referred to as Graves’ orbitopathy or thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy, is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder of the orbit that most often accompanies hyperthyroidism due to Graves’ disease. This review summarises current understanding of its immunopathogenesis, inc...
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| Principais autores: | , , , |
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| Formato: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicado: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2026-04-01
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| Series: | TNOA Journal of Ophthalmic Science and Research |
| Assuntos: | |
| Acceso en liña: | https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/tjosr.tjosr_128_25 |
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