Evaluation of the Psychometric Properties of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale in a Sample of Iranian Waterpipe Smokers

BACKGROUND: Waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS) has recently increased in Iran. There is no valid instrument to measure the level of nicotine dependence among its consumers. This study was aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of the Lebanon Waterpipe Dependence Scale-11 (LWDS-11). METHODS:...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Udgivet i:Addict Health
Main Authors: Pahlavanzadeh, Bagher, Naghibi, Seyed Abolhassan, Berdi-Ozounidavaji, Rahman, Zarghami, Fatemeh, Shahbazi-Sighaldeh, Shirin, Mohammadinia, Ali, Hosseini, Mahdieh Sadat, Mirkarimi, Kamal, Rahimi, Amangholi, Shoaib-Hamrah, Mohammad, Paul, Edwin, Charkazi, Abdurrahman
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: Kerman University of Medical Sciences 2020
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Original Article
Online adgang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878004/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/33623648
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.22122/ahj.v12i4.283
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