Clinical significance of programmed death‐1 and programmed death‐ligand 1 expression in the tumor microenvironment of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Recently, immunotherapy based on blocking immune checkpoints with programmed death‐1 (PD‐1) or PD‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) Abs has been introduced for the treatment of advanced clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), especially tumors resistant to vascular endothelial growth factor‐tyrosine kinase inhibito...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Cancer Sci
Main Authors: Mikami, Shuji, Mizuno, Ryuichi, Kondo, Tsunenori, Shinohara, Nobuo, Nonomura, Norio, Ozono, Seiichiro, Eto, Masatoshi, Tatsugami, Katsunori, Takayama, Tatsuya, Matsuyama, Hideyasu, Kishida, Takeshi, Oya, Mototsugu
Format: Artigo
Language:Inglês
Published: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2019
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Original Articles
Online Access:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6550131/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30972888
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cas.14019
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