Association is not causation: treatment effects cannot be estimated from observational data in heart failure

AIMS: Treatment ‘effects’ are often inferred from non-randomized and observational studies. These studies have inherent biases and limitations, which may make therapeutic inferences based on their results unreliable. We compared the conflicting findings of these studies to those of prospective rando...

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Shranjeno v:
Bibliografske podrobnosti
izdano v:Eur Heart J
Main Authors: Rush, Christopher J, Campbell, Ross T, Jhund, Pardeep S, Petrie, Mark C, McMurray, John J V
Format: Artigo
Jezik:Inglês
Izdano: Oxford University Press 2018
Teme:
Clinical Review
Online dostop:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6166137/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30085087
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurheartj/ehy407
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