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A Trigger for Opioid Misuse: Chronic Pain and Stress Dysregulate the Mesolimbic Pathway and Kappa Opioid System
Pain and stress are protective mechanisms essential in avoiding harmful or threatening stimuli and ensuring survival. Despite these beneficial roles, chronic exposure to either pain or stress can lead to maladaptive hormonal and neuronal modulations that can result in chronic pain and a wide spectru...
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| Publicat a: | Front Neurosci |
|---|---|
| Autors principals: | , , |
| Format: | Artigo |
| Idioma: | Inglês |
| Publicat: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2016
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| Matèries: | |
| Accés en línia: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5097922/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27872581 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2016.00480 |
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