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Melanoma Exosome Induction of Endothelial Cell GM-CSF in Pre-metastatic Lymph Nodes may Result in Different M1 and M2 Macrophage Mediated Angiogenic Processes
Angiogenesis is a key process in the preparation of lymph nodes for melanoma metastasis. Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) induces hypoxia inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) in M1 or HIF-2α in M2 polarized macrophages. HIF-1α promotes neoangiogenesis while HIF-2α facilitates m...
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| 發表在: | Med Hypotheses |
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| 主要作者: | |
| 格式: | Artigo |
| 語言: | Inglês |
| 出版: |
2016
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| 主題: | |
| 在線閱讀: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988397/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27515216 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2016.07.009 |
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