Codeine-induced hyperalgesia and allodynia: investigating the role of glial activation

Chronic morphine therapy has been associated with paradoxically increased pain. Codeine is a widely used opioid, which is metabolized to morphine to elicit analgesia. Prolonged morphine exposure exacerbates pain by activating the innate immune toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) in the central nervous syste...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Udgivet i:Transl Psychiatry
Main Authors: Johnson, J L, Rolan, P E, Johnson, M E, Bobrovskaya, L, Williams, D B, Johnson, K, Tuke, J, Hutchinson, M R
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: Nature Publishing Group 2014
Fag:
Original Article
Online adgang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4259992/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25386959
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1038/tp.2014.121
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