The effects of continuing and discontinuing smoking on the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the healthy middle-aged working population in Japan

OBJECTIVES: The strength of the association between smoking and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the healthy middle-aged working age population has not been established. METHODS: This was a retrospective 6-year observational study involving 4,121 male and 2,877 female workers who w...

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Hauptverfasser: Noborisaka, Yuka, Ishizaki, Masao, Yamada, Yuichi, Honda, Ryumon, Yokoyama, Hitoshi, Miyao, Masaru, Tabata, Masaji
Format: Artigo
Sprache:Inglês
Veröffentlicht: Springer Japan 2012
Schlagworte:
Regular Article
Online Zugang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3541810/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22623223
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12199-012-0285-7
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