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Smoking during Pregnancy Is Associated with a Decreased Incidence of Obstetric Anal Sphincter Injuries in Nulliparous Women

BACKGROUND: Smoking is a modifiable lifestyle factor that has been shown to be associated with adverse perinatal outcomes and to have adverse health and dose-dependent connective tissue effects. The objective of this study was to examine whether smoking during pregnancy was associated with the incid...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Authors: Räisänen, Sari, Vehviläinen-Julkunen, Katri, Gissler, Mika, Heinonen, Seppo
Format: Artigo
Language:Inglês
Published: Public Library of Science 2012
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Online Access:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3397985/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22815899
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041014
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