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Evaluation of the Brief Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives in African-American and European-American Heavy Smokers

Introduction: Emerging evidence indicates that nicotine dependence should be measured multidimensionally. A brief version of the Wisconsin Inventory of Smoking Dependence Motives (WISDM) has recently been developed in which the item count has been reduced from 68 to 37. The objectives of this study...

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Bibliografiske detaljer
Main Authors: Ma, Jennie Z., Li, Ming D., Payne, Thomas J.
Format: Artigo
Sprog:Inglês
Udgivet: Frontiers Research Foundation 2012
Fag:
Online adgang:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3337480/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22557980
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2012.00036
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