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Hormonal, cardiovascular, and subjective responses to acute stress in smokers
RATIONALE: There are complex relationships between stress and smoking; smoking may reduce the emotional discomfort of stress, yet nicotine activates stress systems and may alter responses to acute stress. It is important to understand how smoking affects physiological and psychological outcomes afte...
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| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Artigo |
| Language: | Inglês |
| Published: |
2008
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| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2727744/ https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18936915 https://ncbi.nlm.nih.govhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00213-008-1359-5 |
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