Functional Dissection of CCR5 Coreceptor Function through the Use of CD4-Independent Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Strains

Eitemau Tebyg

• An Orphan Seven-Transmembrane Domain Receptor Expressed Widely in the Brain Functions as a Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 and Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
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• Amino Acid 324 in the Simian Immunodeficiency Virus SIVmac V3 Loop Can Confer CD4 Independence and Modulate the Interaction with CCR5 and Alternative Coreceptors
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• Microglia Express CCR5, CXCR4, and CCR3, but of These, CCR5 Is the Principal Coreceptor for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Dementia Isolates
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• CD4 Independence of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Envs Is Associated with Macrophage Tropism, Neutralization Sensitivity, and Attenuated Pathogenicity
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• CCR6 Functions as a New Coreceptor for Limited Primary Human and Simian Immunodeficiency Viruses
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