Tri-Trophic Impacts of Bt-Transgenic Maize on Parasitoid Size and Fluctuating Asymmetry in Native vs. Novel Host-Parasitoid Interactions in East Africa

Environmental stress can affect trait size and cause an increase in the fluctuating asymmetry (FA) of bilateral morphological traits in many animals. For insect parasitoids, feeding of hosts on transgenic maize, expressing a Bacillus thuringiensis toxin gene is a potential environmental stressor. We...

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Main Authors: Dennis O. Ndolo, Josephine M. Songa, Gábor L. Lövei
Formato: Artigo
Idioma:Inglês
Publicado em: MDPI AG 2018-03-01
Colecção:Insects
Assuntos:
GM plants
biosafety
natural enemies
morphological traits
environmental stress
stem borers
ecosystem services
Acesso em linha:http://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/9/2/38
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