Imaging the Lower Ionosphere Using Network Measurements of VLF Transmitter Signals and a Particle Filter Algorithm

The <italic>D</italic>-region ionosphere is critical to radio wave propagation, communication, and navigation, but remotely sensing this region is challenging due to its height and low electron density. The technique using measurements of very low-frequency (VLF) signals remains one of the most reli...

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Detalhes bibliográficos

Principais autores:	Wenchen Ma, Wei Xu, Xudong Gu, Shiwei Wang, Binbin Ni, Wen Cheng, Jingyuan Feng, Qingshan Wang, Mengyao Hu, Haotian Xu, Yudi Pan
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	IEEE 2026-01-01
coleção:	IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Assuntos:	Data assimilation D-region ionosphere local particle filter space weather events very low-frequency (VLF) waves
Acesso em linha:	https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11303025/
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