Validating the Modified Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence in the Context of Smokeless Tobacco: An Indian Perspective

Background: Categorizing nicotine dependency among smokeless tobacco (SLT) users in India by the modified Fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence (FTND) scale is not always straightforward. Objectives: The objective of this study is to revise and validate the modified FTND scale for SLT in the India...

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Principais autores:	Utkal K. Mohanty, L. Swasticharan, Vikrant Mohanty, Gaurav Sharma, Amit Kumar
פורמט:	Artigo
שפה:	Inglês
יצא לאור:	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications 2026-01-01
סדרה:	Indian Journal of Public Health
נושאים:	fagerstrom test for nicotine dependence nicotine nicotine replacement treatment smokeless tobacco
גישה מקוונת:	https://journals.lww.com/10.4103/ijph.ijph_15_24
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