Serum cystatin C as a biomarker for diabetic retinopathy and its role in diabetic retinopathy-diabetic kidney disease comorbidity

Abstract Background To investigate whether serum cystatin C (CysC) can serve as a biomarker for diabetic retinopathy (DR), and explore the comorbidity between DR and diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods This study used a nested case-control design with Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. A tota...

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Detalhes bibliográficos

Principais autores:	Xiaosi Chen, Weichen Yuan, Yiyun Zeng, Hanyu Wu, Linghui Pi, Yang Yang, Xinming Gu, Xinyuan Zhang
Formato:	Artigo
Idioma:	Inglês
Publicado em:	BMC 2026-01-01
coleção:	Journal of Translational Medicine
Assuntos:	Cystatin C Diabetic Retinopathy Diabetic kidney disease Genetic Predisposition to Disease Biomarkers
Acesso em linha:	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12967-025-07552-6
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