QR-Code

Uremic Toxin-Driven Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: Molecular Pathways and Integrated Phenotypes

Background: Vascular calcification (VC) affects up to 90% of patients with end-stage renal disease and increases cardiovascular mortality 3- to 5-fold. Once considered passive mineral deposition, VC is now recognized as an active, toxin-driven process orchestrating vascular smooth muscle cell transd...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Hauptverfasser: Rodolfo Fernando Rivera, Maria Teresa Sciarrone Alibrandi, Nadia Edvige Foligno, Lorenza Magagnoli, Paola Ciceri, Mario Cozzolino
Format: Artigo
Sprache:Inglês
Veröffentlicht: MDPI AG 2026-02-01
Schriftenreihe:Toxins
Schlagworte:
vascular calcification
chronic kidney disease
uremic toxins
phenotypic clusters
indoxyl sulfate
precision medicine
Online-Zugang:https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/18/2/112
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie das erste Tag hinzu!

Ähnliche Einträge