Coordinated control of grid-following and grid-forming energy storage for virtual inertia response considering frequency modal characteristics

Grid-following energy storage (GFL-ES) and grid-forming energy storage (GFM-ES) will coexist for a certain period into the future as one of the frequency regulation resources in low-inertia power systems. However, differences in synchronization mechanisms and inertia implementation approaches lead t...

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Hauptverfasser:	Hengning Yu, Liangzhong Yao, Shuai Liang, Jian Xu, Fan Cheng, Ming Wu
Format:	Artigo
Sprache:	Inglês
Veröffentlicht:	Elsevier 2025-07-01
Schriftenreihe:	International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems
Schlagworte:	Modal analysis Virtual inertia Frequency response Grid-following energy storage Grid-forming energy storage Low-inertia power system
Online-Zugang:	http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0142061525002376
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