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Beyond words: a hybrid transformer-ensemble approach for detecting hate speech and offensive language on social media

Over the past decade, there has been an increase in hateful content on social media platforms, specifically in tweets. Hence, it brings a challenge to identify and classify tweets containing racism, discrimination, offense, toxicity, or abuse. This article proposes a novel hybrid approach that combi...

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Bibliográfalaš dieđut
Váldodahkkit: Uzair Iftikhar, Syed Farooq Ali, Ghulam Mustafa, Nurhidayah Bahar, Kashif Ishaq
Materiálatiipa: Artigo
Giella:Inglês
Almmustuhtton: PeerJ Inc. 2025-10-01
Ráidu:PeerJ Computer Science
Fáttát:
Liŋkkat:https://peerj.com/articles/cs-3214.pdf
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