Efficacy of Early Feeding with Probiotic-Fermented Feed in Promoting Growth Performance, Immunity, Antioxidant Activity, Gene Expression, and Gut Integrity in Ostrich Chicks (<i>Struthio camelus</i>)

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of early feeding with probiotic-fermented feed on growth performance, intestinal microbiota structure, immune responses, and gene expression. Two hundred and forty-one-day-old African ostrich chicks were randomly divided into three groups (eight r...

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Principais autores:	Haifa Ali Alqhtani, Hadeel A. Almamoory, Huda A. Alqahtani, Ahmed M. Elbaz, Ahmed Sabry Arafa, Eman Kamel M. Khalfallah, Fatmah A. Safhi, Ahmed Ateya, Ayman Abd El-Aziz, Rowa K. Zarah, Ahmed H. Ghonaim, AbdelRahman Y. Abdelhady, Mohamed Marzok
Format:	Artigo
Jezik:	Inglês
Izdano:	MDPI AG 2026-02-01
Serija:	Veterinary Sciences
Teme:	early feeding ostrich performance fermentation immunity gene expression intestinal integrity
Online dostop:	https://www.mdpi.com/2306-7381/13/2/168
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