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A Buffered Local Anesthetic Without Epinephrine: Development, Characterization, and In Vivo Efficacy and Toxicity Analysis

Lidocaine hydrochloride (HCl) 2% with 1:100,000 epinephrine (LW/E) is widely used to prevent pain during dental procedures and has been associated with injection sting, jittering effects, slow onset, and a bitter aftertaste. Since LW/E’s introduction in 1948, no significant modifications have been p...

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Hoofdauteurs: Daniel Uzbelger Feldman, Billy B. Laun, Chirag Patel, Sonal V. Pande, Sai H. S. Boddu
Formaat: Artigo
Taal:Inglês
Gepubliceerd in: MDPI AG 2024-08-01
Reeks:Pharmaceutics
Onderwerpen:
dental anxiety
local anesthetic
lidocaine
epinephrine
buffered anesthesia
Online toegang:https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/16/8/1058
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